Titre : "Langue" in French — One Word, Two Meanings, One Latin Root Slug : etymology-french-word-langue-delf-oral Meta desc: Langue means both tongue and language in French. Discover the Latin etymology of this word and what it reveals ... ================================================================================
Etymology

"Langue" in French — One Word, Two Meanings, One Latin Root

By PASS DELF  ·  Etymology Series  ·  June 2026  ·  5 min read

Langue means both tongue and language in French. Discover the Latin etymology of this word and what it reveals about how to use it precisely at the DELF oral exam.

The Latin Root: Lingua

The French word langue comes directly from the Latin lingua — which meant, exactly like its French descendant, both tongue (the organ) and language (the system).

For the Romans, this was not a coincidence. It was a simple observation: language comes from the tongue. The instrument and the music it produces share the same name.

  • Tirer la langue → to stick out your tongue
  • Parler plusieurs langues → to speak several languages
  • La langue française → the French language
The word lingua also gave us linguistics in English, lingue in Italian, and lengua in Spanish.

Key Distinctions for DELF B2

TermMeaningRegister
la languelanguage as a systemneutral
la paroleindividual speech actlinguistique
le langagehuman capacity for languagephilosophique
le dialecteregional varietysociolinguistique
l'argotslangfamilier

Using langage when you mean langue will cost you points on the lexical richness criterion at the DELF B2.

Key Phrases for the DELF Oral

“Maîtriser une langue étrangère, c'est accéder à une autre façon de penser.”

“Il faut distinguer la langue écrite, plus formelle, de la langue parlée, plus spontanée.”

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© passdelf.com  ·  Etymology Series  ·  June 2026